Leadership Qualities Ernesto Che Guevera

Sunday, March 1, 2009, 2:40
Case studies, Featured
2,281 views
1 comment

Introduction

Why we chose this personality?

Che was the most complete human being of our times.

Jean Paul Sartre

Che Guevara was leader with a broad vision and he wanted to end the sufferings of the poor which, he concluded, were due to inequality and injustice. Today we see the rising of various movements in the world against imperialism which aim at ending exploitation of man by man. This was the philosophy of Guevara. He pointed out that the US and other imperialist countries support dictators in order to control the resources of other countries.

Now every movement of oppressed people against imperialism (neo colonialism) inculcates Che’s philosophy and his ideas in order to fight oppression. He has become the icon of revolution everywhere in the world whether it is Iraq, North Korea or Venezuela. His ideas and war tactics have helped all movements against exploitation of man by man. The recent example of it is the Isreal-Labenon war in which his pictures and slogans showed his relevance in motivating the people.

Apart from this he was very active in his life doing every job effectively using his talent. He was at the same time a good strategist, a powerful commander, a fine writer and an adventurer. He described himself in these words:

“My peculiar position converted me, all at once, and in an unfamiliar setting, into a soldier, the representative of a foreign power, a trainer of Cuban and Congolese soldiers, a strategist, and a high-flying politician”.

Che is an inspiration for every young person who wants to be successful in life. Due to his love for humanity and his commitment to his mission, he is famous among people who want to live a principle-centered life. Fidel Castro while speaking about idea of future generation said:

“If we want to express how we want the men of future generations to be, we must say: Be like Che! If we want to say how we would like our children to be educated, we should say without hesitation: We want them to be educated in the spirit of Che!”

Che Guevara was killed in1967 but his ideas are alive and he knew that. He was sure that ideas will never die. Before being killed his last words to the executioner identify this fact: “i know you’ve come to kill me. Shoot, coward, you’re only going to kill a man.” We like people who dare to challenge oppression and have willingness to sacrifice their lives to prove their words. That’s why we chose Che Guevara as our personality.

Enchanted Life: a brief biography of Che

Latin American revolutionary and political leader, whose refusal to join both the capitalism and the orthodox communism, turned him into an emblem of the socialist struggle. Due to his wild, romantic semblance, Che Guevara means today a legend for the revolutionary youth of the world, an example of faithfulness and total devotion to struggle of oppressed people.

Early Life and Career

Ernesto Guevara de la Serna was born in Rosario, Argentina on 14 June 1928, in the bosom of an aristocratic, yet socialist-minded family. Since he was a child he suffered from asthma attacks and because of that in 1932 they moved to the sierras of Cordoba. He studied most of the primary school at home, taught by his mother. In their library there were works by Marx, Engels and Lenin, which he got familiar to in his adolescence.

In 1947, Ernesto started to study Medicine at the Buenos Aires University, motivated firstly by his own disease and then getting interested in leprosy. During 1952, he carried out a long journey through Latin America with his friend Alberto Granados, traveling the south of Argentina, Chile, Peru, Colombia and Venezuela. They observed, got interested in everything, and analyzed the reality with critical eye and deep thinking. Ernesto returned to Buenos Aires deciding to conclude the career and on 12 July 1953 he was given the title of doctor.

Then he started out his second journey through Latin America. This time he visited Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador and Guatemala. When visiting the brass mines, the indigenous villages and the leprosy hospitals, Ernesto gave examples of his profound humanism, kept growing and making big his revolutionary way of thinking and his firm anti-imperialism.

In Guatemala, he met Hilda Gadea and married her. Some months later, his first daughter was born.

Convinced that the revolution was the only possible solution to end the social injustices seen in Latin America, in 1954 Guevara marched to Mexico, where he joined Cuban revolutionaries leaded by Fidel Castro.

That was when he was given the nickname “Che”, in a reference to his Argentinean way of speaking. In the late 1950s, when Fidel and the guerrilleros invaded Cuba, Che followed them, first as a doctor and then took over the command of the revolutionary army. Finally, on December 31st 1958, Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista was deposed.

After the triumph of the Revolution, Che Guevara became Castro’s right hand in the new Cuba government. He was designated Minister of Industry and later on President of the National Bank. He performed simultaneously various other tasks of military, political and diplomatic natures. In 1959 he married his struggle companion, Aleida March de la Torre, with whom he had other four children. They visited several communist countries in Eastern Europe and Asia.

Enthusiastically opposed to the American influence in the Third World, Guevara’s presence was crucial to the configuration of Castro’s regime and the Cuban approach to the communist block, abandoning the traditional ties that had connected the island and the United States.

In 1962, after a conference in Uruguay, he came back to Argentina and visited Brazil. Che Guevara was also in several African countries, mainly in Congo. There, he supported anti-Belgian revolutionaries, taking a force of 120 Cuban men. After many battles, they were defeated and in the Autumn of 1965 he asked Castro to withdraw the Cuban troops.

From then on, Che was never seen again in public activities. In 1966, with Fidel Castro, he prepared a new mission in Bolivia, as the leader of peasants and miners opposed to the military government. The attempt ended up meaning his capture and later execution on October 9th 1967 at hands of Bolivian army supported by CIA commandos.

“I was born in Argentina; this is no secret for anyone. I am Cuban as well as Argentinean and, if the highly illustrated lordships of Latin America may not feel offended, I feel such a patriotism for Latin America, for any country in Latin America, that in the moment it might be necessary, I would be ready to yield my life for the liberation of any Latin American nation, without asking anybody anything, without demanding anything, without exploiting anyone.”

Che’s Vision

“I know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestionable ability of man to elevate his life by conscious endeavor.”

Henry David Thoreau.

Che Guevara was living a very adventurous and happy life when suddenly he changed his mind to dedicate himself towards the cause of social justice and equality. His observations during his trip of Latin America compelled him to change his mind. In other words we can say that he experienced a “paradigm shift”. This trip changed not only his mind but also his life as a whole.

Che Guevara had a very broad vision in life and he set his goals accordingly. He was a very proactive person choosing a revolutionary way of life in order to create a society without poverty and hunger. He was a strong supporter of independence of man. In his view a complete person is one who is independent in his views and actions. He hated capitalism because it meant at strengthening some and weakening others. In his article “Man and socialism in Cuba” he describes the laws of capitalism relative to the individual in these words:

“The laws of capitalism, blind and invisible to the majority, act upon the individual without his thinking about it.”

He favored socialism in order to end inequality and injustice. He hated the exploitation of the rights of oppressed people. He described socialism in a different way. He said pronounced that “there is no other definition of socialism valid for us than that of the abolition of the exploitation of man by man”. On another occasion he said:

“I am not interested in dry economic socialism. We are fighting against misery, but we are also fighting against alienation. One of the fundamental objectives of Marxism is to remove interest, the factor of individual interest, and gain, from people’s psychological motivations. Marx was preoccupied both with economic factors and with their repercussions on the spirit. If communism isn’t interested in this too, it may be a method of distributing goods, but it will never be a revolutionary way of life.”

He observed that the citizens were being exploited by dictators who were backed by imperialist forces especially the US. Che Guevara wanted to end the poverty and disease which pervaded Latin America. In order to do this it was necessary to fight imperialism. In order to do so he became a guerrilla fighter. He describes a guerrilla fighter in the following words:

“Why does the guerrilla fighter fight? We must come to the inevitable conclusion that the guerrilla fighter is a social reformer, that he takes up arms responding to the angry protest of the people against their oppressors, and that he fights in order to change the social system that keeps all his unarmed brothers in ignominy and misery.”

Che Guevara wanted a world free of sufferings like hunger, poverty and diseases. He valued humanity and wanted to be responsible in playing his role towards the development of the society. His vision made him a popular figure in history and helped him to gain the confidence of people fighting against inequality.

Leadership Qualities

Self Confidence and Self Esteem
Assertiveness
Coping with Stress
Goal Setting
Che`s Communication
Che the Organizer

Self Confidence and Self Esteem

Self confidence is an attitude which allows individuals to have positive yet realistic views of themselves and their situations.

“You have to expect things of yourselves before you can do them.”

Michael Jordan

Che Guevara was very confident about his abilities and about the power people posses. His self confidence came from within himself and also from people especially his supporters. He was very confident about his ideas that constituted mostly of Marxists theories. He was a real caretaker of people of Latin America and also wanted to help people affected by US imperialism. He was very confident about future and wanted an independent and autonomous Latin America with everybody having equal rights. One important factor of his confidence was the people for whom he fought. He asserted: “I am not a liberator, liberators do not exist. The people liberate themselves.” He maintained that

“The guerrilla fighter needs full help from the people of the area. This is an indispensable condition.”

Hence we can deduce that he was very confident and his confidence came from people as well as himself. Unlike most children who constantly seek the approval of their peers, Ernesto preferred to shock them through unconventional manner and dress.

Another factor of his self confidence was the level of achievement he had got. The success of Cuban revolution and of his policies in government, made him more confident about the Latin American future. He was a daring risk taker and never feared to do new and exciting things. He describes himself in the following words:

“Many will call me an adventurer-and I am, only one of a different sort: one of those who risks his skin to prove his platitudes.”

He had faith in his abilities and never changed himself despite the criticism by western media especially the US. One example of this is when he left Cuba to bring a major revolution against the dictators in Bolivia and Africa who were supported by US and French respectively. The culture and traditions of Africa were different from that of Cuba but this couldn’t stop him because he believed in himself and the people for whom he fought.

His self confidence helped him a lot in his relationships, his actions and in taking up new challenges to improve the conditions in which poor oppressed people were made to live. He developed strong relations with his colleagues especially Fidel Castro the President of Cuba who was the leader of the revolution. He was very confident at decision making and at expressing himself overtly.

He was a social reformer and wanted to improve the social status of the poor and which led him to fight against imperialism and injustice everywhere in the world. Although he died in doing so but even today his philosophy is a guideline for the oppressed people around the world.

“Self Esteem is the experience of being competent to cope with the basic challenges of life and of being worthy of happiness.”

Nathaniel Branden

Che Guevara value himself and loved himself so much that he never said or did something that would make him inferior or unable to accomplish his goals. He was very much satisfied with his achievements in life and his struggle for rights of oppressed people which eventually lifted his self esteem. He was person with a vision and this made him very secure considering self evaluation. He believed that it was “Better to die standing, than to live on your knees.”

His above words are enough to explain how much he valued the life he was living. He always valued his ideas and strived for the betterment of the prevailing conditions of Latin America which increased his self esteem.

“Nothing profits more than self esteem, grounded on what is just and right.”

John Milton

Self esteem of Che Guevara profited him by making him optimistic about the success of revolutions against oppressors. He always focused upon his strengths making himself comfortable in decision making. His ability to stand up for rights made him highly self esteem and he began to become more and more liberal towards decision making. His focus was on things that would help people to liberate themselves and gain their rights. His dream was to create a free and constructive environment in which no one’s rights would be violated and everyone would enjoy the same social status and authority.

The personality of Che Guevara is incomplete without the characteristics of Self esteem and Self Confidence. These attributes helped him to move towards accomplishment of his goals and contributed towards his success in life. His firm faith in himself drove him on the road towards fame and success both in life and after death.

Assertiveness

It is about being able to express yourself with confidence without having to resort to passive, aggressive or manipulative behavior. It involves greater awareness; getting to know, like and be in charge of real you.

“There is a fine line between assertiveness and being relaxed”

-Justin Guarini

Che Guevara was always dependent upon his abilities & ideas for making decisions that would help people improve their social status. He knew well his audience & the art of persuading people to join the cause of improving social conditions of poor people. He was never occupied by or conditioned by external thoughts though he did value them. From his comfortable upbringing to the battle fields of Cuban Revolutions, from the Halls of Power in Castro’s government to the failed campaign in Congo & assassination in the Bolivian Jungle, he guided and was in charge of himself through every phase of life.

Che Guevara was a charismatic leader with great persuading power which helped him to gain the help and confidence of masses. He distinguished personal success from collective success and worked for the betterment of people who were suffering at the hands of Imperialism. After he changed his mind from working as a medical officer towards being a revolutionary, he began to realize the basic rights of people and he stood up to help them to get their rights.

“Assertiveness is not what you do, it’s who you are!”

-Cal Le Mon

Alberto Korda’s well-known photograph of Che Guevara which is considered as the most famous photograph of the 20^th century tells us a lot about the positive self image that he had among the people. His physical appearances including clothes, hairstyle and body language projected him as the icon of revolution and helper of poor of the world. His rough style together with the Army dress he used to wear made him popular among people and they listened to him more attentively. His speeches and interviews are full of the power of his image being noticed by the listeners.

His way of communication was direct and concise. He used to state his ideas clearly without beating about the bush. His following words show his assertive behavior regarding statements. He said:

“There is no other definition of socialism valid for us other than that of the abolition of the exploitation of man by man!”

“Silence is argument carried on by other means.”

“The popular forces can win a war against an army, we don’t have to wait for the right conditions for a revolution, the insurrection can create them by itself.”

The above quotes by Guevara show his direct, spontaneous and positive way of communication. He used to say things in such a way that each word would have its meaning. He was patient at listening to his colleagues, supporters and critics that helped him to gain more knowledge and to clarify his views.

“Every person in this life has something to teach me and as soon as I accept that, I open myself to truly listening.”

-Catherine Doucette

His was greatly influenced by the pathetic conditions in which his natives lived and his statements showed his empathetic behavior towards people. He was always used to focus poor people and realized their sufferings. He used to state his disagreement directly without being passive or aggressive. His statements about his idea of a welfare state free of imperialism with equality for everyone can be best described as basic assertive.

He used his communication skills to convey his message effectively. During his discussions and speeches he was assertive understanding questions and replying them effectively. Following is a part of his interview with a US TV Channel:

TRANSLATION:

“Lisa Howard: So, Major Guevara, it has appeared to us that two of your chief problems are this difficulty disciplining the people to a communist state and a kind of strangling beauraucracy….

Che: Our problems, right? (Making sure that he understood the question properly)

Lisa Howard: Yes.

Che: Our two most important problems are the imperialism and the imperialism. Then, the rest may come afterwards.”

He used to maintain eye contact while communicating. His communication style was very direct teaching peasants about warfare tactics which helped in regions like Congo. His pictures and videos reveal that he always kept a smiling face which was his popular style. He always tried to resolve conflicts and move forward. His speech at UNO depicts his quality of conflict resolution. He said at UNO:

“We should like to see this Assembly (UN) shake itself out of complacency and move forward. We should like to see the committees begin their work and not stop at the first confrontation. Imperialism wishes to convert this meeting into a pointless oratorical tournament, instead of solving the grave problems of the world. We must prevent their doing so. This Assembly should not be remembered in the future only by the number 19, which identifies it. Our efforts are directed to prevent that.”

Hence we can conclude that his assertive behaviour also played a great role in his emergence as a commander and leader of Guerrilla forces.

Coping with Stress

Stress is a reaction people have to pressures or other types of demands placed upon them. It arises when they worry that they can’t cope.

Che was under stress throughout his life due to the following reasons:

He was a patient of Asthma which was an obstacle for him both during his early education as a child and as a commander at battlefield.

In order to accomplish his goal, he had to manage his activities and hence was under strong mental stress.

He was away from his family most of the times in his life in order to achieve his goal and hence was under stress thinking about them as well.

Che was under strong stress due to change of location and jobs. For instance during his life, he began as a physician, and then turned into a guerrilla fighter, again he held important offices like minister of banking and industries when in government. Then he traveled through Africa and finally came to Bolivia where he fought against Bolivian army.

Stress Management

Stress management is the technique to cope with stress by changing your thinking, behavior and lifestyle.

James MacGregor Burns describes Che’s stress management in the following words:

“By temperament, Che looked on difficulties as Challenges.  Disabilities were to be defeated, barriers to be broken. A marked trait of Che's personality throughout his life appeared in his early fight against asthma. He became an athlete in spite of terrible attacks which forced him to run off the rugby field to inhale his medicine. Ernesto refused to allow his illness to prevent him from participating in strenuous physical activities”.

Che was mastering at using stress positively. Stress management was one of Che’s strongest weapons in his fight against everything that came in his way towards a social and just atmosphere. Despite being an asthmatic patient, he was active in the Cuban revolution as a fighter leading his comrades all the time. He lived in severe conditions without having food, water and medicine. During the Congolese and Bolivian campaign, he had to eat plants in order to survive but it was his positive thinking and reframing that helped him to cope with stress.

Che was a absolute self manager and used his short life of 40 year to accomplish tough goals. He used to write diaries and made schedules on daily basis in order to organize his activities. He was very assertive in his behavior which helped him to do things that really mattered.

Che Guevara was a proactive person so change of job or of location did not disturb him rather he learned from all this experience. Working with different people helped him to understand the basic psychology of people around the world. He learnt how to survive with little food and fight without ammunition.

Being away from his family was another serious problem for him but his re-thinking and optimism helped him like he mentions in his essay ‘man and socialism in Cuba;

"The leaders of the revolution bear children who do not learn to say father with their first stammers; wives who must be part of the general sacrifice..."

It was his positive thinking that helped him to cope with stress efficiently and led him to become the real icon of revolution in the world.

Che changed his lifestyle in order to cope with stress. A few examples include his time during the campaigns in Congo and Bolivia where he used to dedicate more time on training people than on his reading and leisure. Another example is his use of leisure time in order to achieve specific goal. He emphasized that for people who are struggle for their goals, it is necessary to use every second effectively and to devote leisure time to important tasks.

Conclusion

If we consider the conditions in which Guevara lived, we can conclude that he was a master in utilizing stress positively and focused on new opportunities. It is the quality that led him to become proactive and optimistic towards his goals.

Goal Setting

Goal setting is a formal process of personal planning. Goals keep us focused and we utilize our talent effectively to do what we want in life.

Che Guevara’s life can be seen as a reflection of his ideas. He stated: “Words that do not match deeds are unimportant”.

He was a proactive person and he realized that it is better to help people than the job of a physician. His goal was to become the helper of people and to dedicate his life to humanity. He chose to be a revolutionary soldier than to be a medical doctor. He explains it in his own words:

“This was perhaps the first time I was faced with the dilemma of choosing between my dedication to medicine and my duty as a revolutionary soldier.  At my feet were a pack full of medicine and a cartridge box; together they were too heavy to carry. I chose the cartridge box, leaving behind the medicine pack”.

It was not that he didn’t think about his future but it was his desire to help people which motivated him towards becoming a revolutionist. He had no personal interests and worked for the betterment of humanity. He wanted to create an environment in which people would not suffer from hunger, diseases and poverty. His goal was liberate people from chains that create inequality and injustice. He opted for socialism in order to help people. About socialism, He said:

“There is no other definition of socialism valid for us than that of the abolition of the exploitation of man by man.”

 He believed strongly in his potential as a revolutionist and had a great willingness to sacrifice everything for accomplishment of his goals. He believed in action which is evident from his above quotation. He strived to reach his goal by fomenting revolutions in other countries. He made immense contribution towards the cause of social justice and equality.

 While in government he tried his best to improve the conditions of poor people, to increase economic development and to support oppressed people all around the world.

 During his struggle, he came across many problems but never submitted to them, making himself comfortable and firm every time. He was very responsible and committed towards his cause. He was very enthusiastic and ready to take risks in order to reach his target. He was unflappable and ready to learn things. He was consistent with his struggle and never tried to go back. His participation in Cuban revolution and his campaigns in Congo and Bolivia are examples of his dedication towards his cause. His firm determination and persistence led him towards his goals.

 Considering his approach towards planning, he realized that imperialism was the main obstacle in his way. US Imperialism was the thing he disliked most and died fighting against US Imperialism. He had a clear and direct plan of action that was to bring revolution in countries most affected by imperialism. He never gave up his struggle towards achievements of his goals and was finally killed in Bolivia fighting against Bolivian Army.

 His death cannot be seen as death of his cause because it gave rise to movements against imperialism around the world and made him the icon of revolution everywhere in the world. Till this day he remains an inspiring figure and a sign of hope for all the oppressed people of the world.

Che`s Communication

Effective communication skills help us to convey our ideas easily without any interruption. Guevara was master at using his communication skills effectively. He used grass root level of communication to convey his message.

He knew well the level on which he had to communicate. He used simple and local language when lecturing and training the peasants about guerrilla warfare. He used his body language effectively to communicate his message. His speeches clearly depict his that he used to stress upon words and used pauses to make his message effective. He used to say “Che” when speaking to a group which means friend in Spanish thus gaining the attention of people. When speaking at UNO, He used very strong words to refute US arguments against Cuba. He used to avoid conflict and argument just to make sure that there must be constructive environment to move forward.

Che Guevara was always attentive at listening to others. His style was to listen, rephrase words and then reply. This made him effective in interpersonal communication. Another thing that can be seen from his communication style that he used his Giant personality as a tool to convey his message.

Che Guevara used his communications skills in order to make his mission easy. By conveying in the right style he was able to convince and persuade people towards his ideas about future. It helped him to gather support for his policy to bring revolution in countries ruled by dictators.

Che the Organizer

Che Guevara was a well organized person utilizing his and energy effectively towards accomplishment of his goals. He lived a disciplined and organized life which helped him to overcome obstacles and interruptions which came in his way.

He was a successful self manager and making effective use of time. Che valued time and he made time management as a life time quality. He used to keep a dairy and was so much involved in writing his routine that two of them have been published as books (Motorcycle Dairy and Bolivian Dairy). He uses to schedule his activities utilizing every second of his time. His focus was on long term goals without wasting his time on useless activities. During Cuban revolution he used most of his time to devise strategies to cover a lot of area within short time. He always completed his tasks on time without being a procrastinator. He loved to do challenging and complex tasks without fear of failure. In his lifetime he never avoided necessary tasks. For instance he used to cut his sleeping hours in order to achieve his goals. Although he was little bit work addict but his intentions was to achieve life time goals. He never involved in perfectionism rather improved techniques of effective time management.

Che was a master in decision making and goal setting which helped him to avoid wastage of time. He used his decision making skills to plan and prioritize important tasks. He used to focus on quadrant II (important, not urgent) which helped him to keep control over his activities and a balance in his schedule. He used to follow his mission of bringing prosperity for the oppressed people through revolution.

He proved his organizing skills effectively during the Cuban revolution and his campaign of Congo and Bolivia. He used launch organized attacks on the enemy. One example is the battle of Santa Clara during Cuban Revolution in which Che was the leader of Guerrilla forces. He also succeeded in his role both as the minister of Industries and banking as well.

Che Guevara used his organizing skills not only in his personal life but also organized his guerilla forces. Organizing helped him to be successful both on battle field and at home. Without this attribute his personality cannot be complete.

A Revolutionary Icon

The pictures of Che can be found everywhere in this world. Since his death Che has achieved mythical status. The people of Left try their best to prove that Che was their man. The people of Latin America speak of him. Many advertising companies use his image for promotion of their products including cigarettes, shirts, key chains, books etc.

Now Che Guevara is a symbol of revolution everywhere. His face has become a symbol of rebellion, and his memory remains a powerful inspiration to oppressed people. His name motivates oppressed people who own him regardless of any culture, region or religion. His name has influenced many movements of the world since his death in 1967.The recent ones include the fight of Hezbollah against Israel and the wave of anti-US sentiments throughout the world including Iran, Iraq and Venezuela. The fact is that he was the savior of poor people and where ever poverty and inequality exist; there will be his name as an inspiration for the oppressed people. People will revolt against dictators and their imperialist supporters following the foot steps of Che.

“There are no boundaries in this struggle to the death. We cannot be indifferent to what happens anywhere in the world, for a victory by any country over imperialism is our victory; just as any country’s defeat is a defeat for all of us.” -

Ernesto Che Guevara

References

Che Guevara - by Jon Lee Anderson

The seven habits of highly effective people- by Stephen R. Covey

Lecture Notes of Personal Management - Mrs. Shehla Najib

Back on the Road: A Journey to Central America- by Harvill Panther S.
Bolivian Diary –by Pimlico
Che Guevara: Radical Writings on Guerrilla Warfare, Politics and Revolution, (Filiquarian)
Che Guevara Reader: Writings on Guerrilla Warfare, Politics and History( Ocean Press)
Che Guevara Speaks(Pathfinder)
Che Guevara Talks to Young People(Pathfinder)

Che Guevara in Bolivia (Selvage, Donald R. Major USMC)

Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War, Monthly Review Press, paperback, 1998
Self-Portrait: Che Guevara, Ocean Press, 320pp, paperback, 2005
Socialism and Man in Cuba: Also Fidel Castro on the Twentieth Anniversary of Guevara’s Death, Monad, paperback
The African Dream: The Diaries of the Revolutionary War in the Congo, Grove Press, paperback.
The Diary of Che Guevara, Amereon Ltd,

Ernesto Che Guevara

The African Dream

Back on the Road

Websites

The African Dream

Back on the Road

Websites

www.Che-lives.com

www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A471241

www.easybuenosairescity.com/biografias/elche1.htm

www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/guevara01.html - 32k

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Che_Guevara - 214k